数字电子证据的定性与归类

On the Determination and Classification of Digital Electronic Evidence

数字电子证据的出现和普遍地被适用几乎颠覆了人们关于司法证据系统整体性的传统认识。现阶段,人们惯常地将数字电子证据纳入传统的视听资料证据类型中加以规制和判定,这显然既不符合逻辑也有悖于事实,直接导致我国现阶段数字电子证据类型化实践中的混乱和无序状态,客观上阻碍了我国整个证据法律体系的健全和完善。为此,必须认真地甄别数字电子证据与视听资料以及电子证据之间的内在关联性和本质差异性,其中首先亟需解决的问题就是科学合理的界定数字电子证据本身的属性并对其进行合理的归类。在法理和逻辑上,数字电子证据与视听资料应并列隶属于电子证据。作为一种新型和独立的证据类别,电子证据宜成为我国法定证据类型中的"第七类",亟待立法予以规定或确认。

The appearance and wide use of digital electronic evidence has almost subverted the tradition of judicial evidence system.Presently,digital electronic evidence is generally classified into traditional category of audio-visual evidence,which is illogical and contrary to the fact,leading to the confusion in judicial practice and preventing the construction of legal system.Therefore it is important to determine the difference between digital electronic evidence and audio-visual evidence and the relationship of them,firstly determining the property of digital electronic evidence scientifically and classifying it reasonably.In jurisprudence and logic,digital electronic evidence and audio-visual evidence should be equally listed as electronic evidence.Digital electronic evidence,as a new and independent form of evidence,should be classified as the ＂seventh＂ type of legal evidence in our country,calling for urgent legal regulation and determination.