松毛虫种间杂交及其遗传规律的研究

STUDY ON CROSS HEREDITY OF PINE CATERPILLARS, \%DENDROLIMUS \%SPP.

本文报道了我国最严重的森林害虫———松毛虫种间杂交试验的研究结果。研究表明，马尾松毛虫（ＤｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓＷａｌｋｅｒ）、油松毛虫（ＤｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｔａｂｕｌａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓＴｓａｉｅｔＬｉｕ）、赤松毛虫（ＤｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｓｐｅｃｔａｂｉｌｉｓＢｕｔｌｅｒ）、落叶松毛虫（ＤｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｓｕｐｅｒａｎｓＢｕｔｌｅｒ）相互间都可以进行杂交，亲缘关系较近。其中，油松毛虫和赤松毛虫分别与马尾松毛虫进行杂交，无论正交或反交都可以产生有生育力的Ｆ１代，Ｆ１代自交产生Ｆ２代，证明在它们之间不存在生殖隔离。另外，油松毛虫、赤松毛虫和马尾松毛虫分别与落叶松毛虫的种间杂交也能进行，并产生Ｆ１代杂种松毛虫，但在人工饲养条件下幼虫死亡率高，经过多年反复试验，均未能完成Ｆ２代。另外，还对其形态学特征和染色体进行了初步研究。研究结果表明，赤松毛虫、油松毛虫和马尾松毛虫确系同一物种，但由于长期适应不同的生态环境，相互间的形态及生物学特性已有一定程度的差异，根据动物学命名法的有关规定，我们认为油松毛虫和赤松毛虫应分别定名为马尾松毛虫地理亚种，即油松毛虫（Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓｔ?

The precent paper reports that the hybridization could be easily done between Masson\|pine caterpillar, \%Dendrolimus punctatus\% Walker (1858),Korean\|pine caterpillar, \%D.spectabilis\% Butler(1877),Larch caterpillar, \%D.superans\%(Butler)(1908), and Chinese\|pine caterpillar, \%D.tabulaeformis\% Tsai et Liu(1962). Except Larch caterpillar, whether direct cross or reciprocal cross could produce a fertile filial generation (F\-1) respectively, which selfing to F\-2 generation, so they were identified to be of the same species, more correctly as a subspecies, for in consideration of there to be some differences in morphological and ecological features, and accoding to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and regulations concerned, i.e. the Korean\|pine caterpillar is a subspecies of the Masson\|pine caterpillar, \%Dendrolimus punctatus spectabilis\% (Butler)as the Chinese\|pine caterpillar, \%Dendrolimus punctatus tabulaeformis\% (Tsai et Liu).While as the larch caterpillar with them, the process of crossing was often foiled, or its hybrid, F\-1 generation with higher mortality and ofter went into diapause, and after selfing the F\-2 generation was not obtained so far, the genetic relationship between the Larch caterpillar and other species needs to be proved further