饲料中不同脂肪源对黑鲷幼鱼生长和鱼体脂肪酸组成的影响

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT FAT SOURCES IN FEED ON THE GROWTH RATE OF JUVENILE AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF BODY FAT OF BLACK SEA BREAM (SPARUS MACROCEPHALUS)

用相同比例、不同种类的脂肪源配制成４ 组试验饲料，对黑鲷幼鱼进行了４５ｄ 的饲养试验。结果表明，以大豆油、鱼油为饲料脂肪源的试验组的幼鱼增重率较高，分别为３４ ．８ ×１０－ ２ 和２９ ．３ ×１０ － ２ 。花生油组和猪油组的幼鱼增重率分别为２５ ．４ ×１０－ ２ 和２５ ．５ ×１０ － ２ ，饲料转换系数分别为鱼油组１ ．０８ 、豆油组１ ．２１ 、花生油组１ ．３５ 和猪油组１ ．５９ 。从试验饲料和鱼体脂质的脂肪酸分析结果表明，鱼体脂肪的脂肪酸组成比例受所摄食饲料脂肪的脂肪酸组成比例的影响。摄食以鱼油为脂肪源的饲料的幼鱼其鱼体脂肪中的高度不饱和脂肪酸含量为４ 个试验组中最高，最接近于试验前幼鱼鱼体脂肪的脂肪酸组成模式。试验结果表明鱼油、豆油为黑鲷配合饲料可选用的优良脂肪源。

Four test feeds with different fat sources were used for feeding tests of black sea bream for 45 days. The growth rate ,feed conversion rate and body fatty acid compositions were compared to study the requirement of fish for HUFA in feed and the relation between feed fat sources and fish growth and body FA profile . Results showed that the fish groups fed feeds with soybean oil and fish oil had growth rates of 34.8% and 29.3% respectively; while the fish group fed feeds with peanut oil and pork lard had lower GR of only 28.4% and 25.5% respectively. The FCR were 1.21、1.08、1.35 and 1.59 respectively. The analysis of fatty acid compositions showed that the FA profile of the fish body differed from the FA profile of the feed taken by the fish .Among the fish feed test groups, the fish oil test group's fish body fat had the highest ratio of HUFA. This group's body FA profile was closed to that of the fish in the wild .The study results suggest that fish oil and soybean oil are good fat sources for the feed of black sea bream.