化工园区一体化水处理的技术经济难点及对策

Technical and Economic Problems in Integrated Water Treatment in Chemical Industrial Areas and Solutions

我国石油和化工产业的废水排放量在全国工业各领域中居第一位,占整个工业排放废水量的20%左右。近些年,我国各地都采取了建立化学工业园区的方式,对工业废水集中处理。这种一体化水处理的方式具有许多显而易见的优势。一体化治理化工园区废水的做法符合行业的发展需要,也符合环境污染治理政策,是我国解决水资源短缺和水环境污染问题的重要措施。然而在化工园区采用一体化水处理模式的实践中,还存在和新出现了一些难点问题,需要认真研究并逐步加以解决。如投资者主体权益难以保证、风险难以控制;深度水处理技术和装备仍很缺乏;由于实施统一处理,限制了一些具有节水潜力企业自身的节水行为;难以掌握不同污水排放的规律性,水质呈现复合型污染状态;政府的鼓励政策难以发挥作用等。要解决这些问题,应建立一体化水处理逐级处理体系、分类处理体系和技术支撑体系,同时要建立与一体化水处理相适应的应急体系。

In China,the petroleum and chemical industry is the biggest discharger of wastewater among all industries,representing about 20% of all wastewater discharged by the industrial sector.In recent years,many areas across the country have adopted the method of establishing chemical industry parks to treat industrial wastewater in a centralized manner.Such centralized wastewater treatment has many obvious advantages and meets the needs for the development of the chemical industry as well as China＇s environmental pollution control policies.h is an important measure China takes to tackle water shortage and the pollution to the water environment.However,this integrated wastewater treatment practice for chemical industry parks has faced some existing and new problems difficult to fix,which require extensive research and a step-to-step solution. These problems include： the interests of investors cannot be guaranteed and their risks are difficult to con- trol;deep wastewater treatment technology and equipment remain short;centralized treatment limits the water saving behaviors of individual enterprises with potential for saving water;the rule in different sewage discharges is difficult to understand and water bodies are facing compound pollution;governmental incentives do not work well.To solve these problems,an integrated cascade water treatment system,a classification-based system and a technical support system should be established.In addition,an emergency response system should be in place to support the integrated wastewater treatment system.