重庆市农村寄宿制学校中学生饮食结构的现况调查

Survey on the diet structure of rural boarding middle school students in Chongqing

目的:了解重庆市农村寄宿制中学学生早餐饮食结构现状,为开展饮食行为干预提供依据。方法:采用分层二阶段整群抽样方法,对重庆市3 547名中学生早餐饮食结构和营养知识进行调查。结果:学生每天吃早餐和基本不吃早餐的比例分别为70.07%、2.54%,学生食用谷类食物的比例为80.05%,而食用豆类食物的比例最低,只有18.23%。21.81%的学生早餐食用了谷类、蔬菜水果类、肉类、豆类和奶类这五类食物中其中的一类,食用四类及以上食物的学生人数比例为14.72%。学生早餐食物种类搭配均以"谷类+蔬菜水果类"为主。学生营养知识的平均得分为10.41。学生营养知识得分与早餐质量的相关系数r=0.062 23,P=0.000 2。结论:重庆市农村寄宿制学校中学生的早餐质量还有待进一步提高;而且还需进一步了解营养素来源相关知识。

Objective：To knowthe breakfast composition status of rural boarding middle school students in Chongqing,so as to provide guidelines for developing intervention of diet behaviors. Methods：The breakfast structure and the nutrition knowledge of 3 547 students in rural boarding middle school in Chongqing were investigated by adopting stratified two-stage cluster sampling method. Results：The percentage of students who ate breakfast everyday and who generally did not were 70.07% and 2.54% respectively ,the percentage ofstudents who consumed grains were 80.05% ,whereas the beans were 18.23% ,which was the lowest. 21.81% students only ate one of the five kinds of food,including grains,vegetables,fruits,beans and milk products,and 14.72% students ate four more kinds of them. The main diet assortment of breakfast was basically grains , vegetables and fruits. The average score of students’nutrition knowledge was 10.41. The correlation coefficient between the score of students’nutrition knowledge and the quality of breakfast was r=0.062 23 , P= 0.000 2. Conclusion ： The breakfast quality of rural boarding middle school students in Chongqing needs to be improved , and more knowledge about resource of nutrient is supposed to be acquired.