抗高尿酸血症药物作用靶点研究进展

Research advances on drug therapy targets in hyperuricemia

高尿酸血症表现为血清尿酸浓度过高,其产生的主要原因为两方面:一是尿酸生成过多。黄嘌呤氧化酶是负责尿酸生成的关键酶,是控制尿酸浓度的主要靶点;另一方面是尿酸排泄减少。负责尿酸转运的是固定在肾小管上皮细胞上的各种转运蛋白,这些蛋白的基因突变或缺失是引发血液尿酸浓度异常的主要原因,相关药物对这些蛋白表达的调控是控制尿酸排泄量的主要手段。该文主要从这两个角度对高尿酸血症的主要治疗靶点的研究进展进行综述。

There are two reasons for the high level of serum uric acid,which induces hyperuricemia.Excessive uricogenesis is considered to be one of the risk factors.Xanthine oxidase is the main drug therapy target in hyperuricemia,which is one of the key enzymes conducting the metabolism of uric acid.The lack of excretion is another reason for the excessive level of uric acid.Uric acid transport is achieved by various kinds of transporters expressed in the membranes of the renal tubular epithelial cells.Gene mutations or deletions of the transporters are the main reasons for abnormal serum uric acid level.Gene expression regulations of these transporters by relevant drugs are the main method to conduct the excretion of uric acid.In this paper,recent advances in the study of the drug therapy targets have been reviewed in those two aspects.