2007年宁夏西吉县鼠疫自然疫源地调查

Survey of natural foci of plague in Xiji county, Ningxia in 2007

目的 了解西吉县鼠疫宿主动物及其寄生蚤的种类构成,调查西吉县鼠疫疫源情况,为预防控制鼠疫流行提供科学依据.方法 2007年6月11日至7月25日,对西吉县8个乡（镇）进行了黄鼠密度、夜行鼠、体蚤、洞干蚤、窝巢蚤调查,同时采集标本进行细菌学和血清学检验.结果主要宿主阿拉善黄鼠平均密度为0.85只/hm2,夜行鼠捕获率为0.80%（24/2987）,调查发现小型兽类16种,隶属3目9科16种,以黄鼠为优势种.鼠体蚤指数为2.84,发现蚤类4科16种,以方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种为优势种.鼠疫细菌学、血清学检验均为阴性.结论该调查地区具备形成阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的条件,开展鼠疫监测是预防控制鼠疫流行的重要措施.

Objective To learn the plague＇s host animals and parasitic flea composition, and to investigate the natural foci of plague in Xiji county in order to provide basic information for plague prevention and control. Methods The Citellus alaschanicus density, nocturnal rodents, the body flea, the burrow track flea, the nest flea were investigated in 8 townships （town） of Xiji county from June 11 2007 to July 25 2007. Specimens of small mammalian, fleas were collected for bacteriological and serological testing. Results The average density of the main host Citellus alaschanicus was 0.85 per hectare. The nocturnal mouse capture rate was 0.80%（24/2987）.The survey found 16 species of small mammals that belonging to 3 orders, 9 families and 16 species with Citellus alaschanicus the dominant species. The Citellus alaschanicus had 2.84 fleas per body. Four families and 16 species of fleas were identified in the areas. The Citellus alaschanicus and Citellophilus Tesquorum Mongolicus were the dominant species. Plague bacteriology and serology tests were negative. Conclusions The study shows that the area is suitable for the formation of natural foci of Citellus alaschanicus plague. Surveillance is an important measure for prevention and control of the plague.