急救医务人员心理压力源问卷初编和信效度检验

Development of Stressor Questionnaire for Ambulance Personnel

目的编制急救医务人员心理压力源问卷,并对其进行信效度检验,以便有针对性地进行心理减压干预。方法以文献研究、深入访谈和专家评定的方法形成初始问卷,对201名急救人员的测试结果做探索性因子分析,再对138名急救医务人员进行验证性因子分析,同时进行信效度检验。结果经过筛选问卷最终为29个题项,探索性因子分析形成4因子的模型,可解释的总方差为64.225%;4个因子分别为心理压力、躯体疲劳、工作压力和发展压力4个方面;验证性因子分析验证了4个因子模型,其结果为χ2/df=3.20、NFI=0.625、CFI=0.701、TLI=0.653、AIC=1288.418;总的Cronbachα为0.964,重测信度为0.901(P<0.01);总量表和中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)有较高的相关性(r=0.462,P<0.001)。急救医务人员心理压力源问卷的信、效度均达到心理测量学的要求。结论急救医务人员心理压力源问卷有较好的信度和效度。

Objective To develop a stressor questionaire for ambulance personnel in order to provide effective measureing instruments for the psychological intervention. Methods Literature review, in - depth interview and qualitative study were used to develop initial questionnaire. Then the initial questionnaire was administered to 202 embulance EMTs for exploratory factor analysis, and to 138 embulance embulance EMTs for confirmator factor analysis. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the reliability and validity. Results Af- ter exploratory factor analysis, a questionaire consisted of 29 items was established,which had four factors of psychological factor,physical fatigue, work stress, developmental stress. These four factors could explain 64. 225% of the total variance and were confrimed by confimatory factor analysis （x^2/df = 3.20 ; NFI = 0. 701 ; CFI = 0. 701 ; TLI = 0. 653 ; AIC = 1288. 418 ）. Cronbach coefficent was 0. 964, and test - retest reliability was 0. 901. The correlation coefficient between the total socre of the questionnaire and score of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire （CPSS） was high （ r = 0. 462,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Stressor questionnaire for ambulance personnel has reliability and validity.