老年人社会支持及生活自理状况与健康自评

Social Support,Self-care Status and Self-rated Health in Elderly

目的探讨社会支持及日常生活自理能力与老年人健康自评状况的关系。方法利用顺义区家庭卫生服务调查数据,使用SPSS统计分析软件进行单因素与多因素分析。结果社会支持变量(经济来源、邻居交往频率、需要照顾时的照顾者)和生活自理能力变量(行走能力、听力、视力、说话能力、起居能力)与老年人健康自评得分有关;多因素分析发现行走能力、视力、需要照顾时由谁提供照顾为老年人健康自评的重要影响因素,其中行走能力对于健康自评的影响最大。结论健康自评可以反映老年人的社会支持状况与日常生活自理能力;老年人经济、生活的独立对于老年人的晚年幸福生活尤为重要。

Objective To analyze the associations between social support, self- care status and self- rated health among the elder- ly. Methods We used SPSS software to analyze the data of the household health survey in Shunyi district, Beijing. Results Social support variables including financial resource, the frequency of neighborhood contact, caregiver when needed and self - care capability variables including walking, visual, hearing, speaking, daily capacity were associated with self - rated health of the elderly. Multiple variables analysis showed that walking ability, visual ability and caregiver were the most important factors that determined the self - rated health, and walking ability tended to be the biggest affecting factor. Conclusion Self- rated health could reflect the status of social support and self - care of the elderly. Financial and living independent are very important for a happy life of the elderly.