人工鱼礁的矩形间隙对黑鲷幼鱼聚集效果的影响

Experimental study on the juvenile Sparus macrocephalus’s tendency to different structural spaces of artificial reef

为了解人工鱼礁的矩形间隙大小对鱼类行为产生的影响,实验利用特征礁体的不同组合来模拟人工鱼礁矩形间隙的大小,在来流速度分别为19.1、23.4和27.7cm/s情况下,探讨不同礁体矩形间隙(水平、垂直)的大小对黑鲷幼鱼行为产生的影响,总结出黑鲷幼鱼的喜好流速范围。实验结果表明:当礁体矩形间隙设计为水平38.8cm时,相对其他情况来说,黑鲷幼鱼具有最大趋礁率43.1%,对应的喜好流速范围为9.6～23.4cm/s;当礁体矩形间隙设置为垂直20cm时,黑鲷有最大趋礁率50.1%,对应的喜好流速范围为6.7～27.9cm/s。总体来说,礁体矩形间隙设计为水平时的集鱼效果要好于礁体矩形间隙设计为垂直时。

In order to find out how the structural space of artificial reefs influence fish behavior,we used the combination of different representative reefs to simulate the structural space of artificial reefs,under the different flowing velocity of 19.1,23.4,and 27.7 cm/s.This paper discussed how the different sizes of structural space influence the distribution of juvenile Sparus macrocephalus in tank,and summarized the range of loving flowing velocity of juvenile S.macrocephalus.The result shows that when the horizontal size of structural space is 38.8 cm,the juveniles S.macrocephalus have a highest tendency ratio to reefs（43.1% ） compared with other cases,and the range of loving flowing velocity is 9.6-23.4 cm/s;when the vertical size of structural space is 20 cm,the juveniles S.macrocephalus have a highest tendency ratio to reefs（50.1% ） compared with other cases,and the range of loving flowing velocity is 6.7-27.9 cm/s.On the whole,the horrizotal structural space has a higher effect of gathering fishes compared with the vertical structural space.