中国的膨孢组镰孢菌(英文)

Species in section Gibbosum of Fusarium in China

膨孢组镰孢菌Fusarium在自然界中广泛分布。该组包括4个种:木贼镰孢菌F.equiseti,藨草镰孢菌F.scirpi,长脚镰孢菌F.longipes和紧致镰孢菌F.compactum。这4个种均产生腹背不平行弯曲的大孢子。分离获得并描述了其中的3个种。木贼镰孢菌F.equiseti是镰孢菌中最常见的种之一,它产生典型的腹背不平行弯曲的大孢子,大孢子的顶细胞和足跟状基细胞明显伸长,菌落因缺乏红色素而呈黄褐色。藨草镰孢菌F.scirpi是比较少见的种类,它的典型特征是在典型的十字形产孢细胞上产生大量的小型分生孢子。由于它在PDA培养基上容易发生小孢子缺乏型的变异,因此,常常被错误地鉴定为木贼镰孢菌F.equiseti。长脚镰孢菌F.longipes的大孢子最容易与其他种的大孢子区分,它的顶细胞和基细胞均极度延长。当长脚镰孢菌F.longipes菌落因为变异而失去产生红色素的能力时,也容易与木贼镰孢菌F.equiseti混淆。基于该组大孢子的典型特征,作者将锐顶镰孢菌F.acuminatum排除在该组之外。

Species in section Gibbosum of Fusarium were widely distributed.Four species were included in the section,F.equiseti,F.scirpi,F.longipes and F.compactum.All of them produced dorsiventral curved macroconidia.Three species in the section were obtained by the authors.F.equiseti,the most common species,produced typical yellow-brown colony lacking red pigment and dorsiventral curved macroconidia with elongated apical cells and foot-shape basal cells.F.scirpi,the rare species,was characterized by producing abundant microconidia on typical cross-shape（three openings） conidiogenous cells.Because it easily mutated and change itself into microconidia-lacking type on PDA,it was commonly misidentified as F.equiseti.F.longipes produced distinctive macroconidia with exaggerated apical cells and basal cells.It was also easily confused with F.equiseti when it lost red color in colony.F.acuminatum is excluded from this section.