大学生羞耻感和心理健康以及自我效能、自尊的相关研究

Correlation Research of Shame,Mental Health,Self efficacy and Self esteem

目的： 了解大学生羞耻感与心理健康的关系， 以及它们和自我效能、自尊之间的关系。方法： １９１ 名北京大学本科生参加了本研究， 其中男生１１１人， 女生８０ 人， 平均年龄为２０．４岁。所有的被试填写了羞耻量表、症状自评量表 （ＳＣＬ－ ９０）、自我判断调查表（ＳＥＩ） （测查自我效能感） 和自尊量表（ＳＥＳ）。结果： 羞耻和ＳＣＬ－９０ 各因子得分均呈显著的正相关（ｐ 均小于０．０１）；自我效能、自尊与羞耻得分之间有显著的负相关（ｐ 均小于０．０１）。考察ＳＣＬ－９０ 各因子和自我效能、自尊的相关情况发现， ＳＣＬ－９０各因子和自我效能、自尊得分之间呈显著的负相关 （ｐ 均小于０．０１）。表明羞耻体验可引起自我效能、自尊水平的下降， 同时自我效能和自尊水平的降低可能反过来加强了羞耻的体验， 并最终影响到心理健康。

Objective:to study the correlation of shame,mental health,self efficacy and self esteem.Method:191college students(including 111 male and 80 female,mean age 20 4)were tested by SCL 90,Self efficacy Inventory(SEI) and Self esteem Scale(SES).191college students(including 111 male and 80 female,mean age 20 4)were tested by SCL 90,Self efficacy Inventory(SEI) and Self esteem Scale(SES).Result:there were significant positive correlation between score of shame and scores of SCL 90,and negative correlation between score of feeling shame and scores of self efficacy and self esteem(p<0 01).There were also significant negative correlation between factor scores of SCL 90 and scores of self efficacy and self esteem.Conclusion:the results suggested shame might decrease one′s self efficacy and self esteem,the decrease might in turn increase shame tendency,then ultimately influence mental health.