浅谈海洋固定式平台海上安装方法

General Study on Installation Methods of the Fixed Offshore Platform

随着海洋石油开发向深水进军，海洋石油开发平台也在向大型化、复杂化方向发展，平台结构物重量日益增加。对于固定式平台而言，目前海上安装方式主要有海上整体吊装和浮托法。对于重量较轻的组块，采用海上整体吊装方法；海上整体吊装时，准确计算钢桩的切割位置，对于平台是否能准确地安装到导管架上，起至关重要的作用。该文详细介绍了准确计算钢桩的切割位置的方法及海上整体吊装的步骤。对于重量较重的组块，需要采用浮托法；浮托法的开发应用，填补了我国海洋石油超大型模块海上安装上的一项空白；浮托法需严格监测船舶的运动、潮位、风浪流以及气象。该文详细介绍了浮托法的控制进船．对接、出船三个阶段。

As potential offshore oil development shifts from shallow water into deeper ocean, weight of platform grows rapidly as well as the platform becomes large and complex. Conventional integrated lift technique and float-over are two main methods for the installation of fixed offshore platform. To define the cut position of steel pile with calculation plays an important role in the precise installation of the jacket when conventional integrated lift method is implemented for lightweight platform. The installation procedures and a detailed description of the method determining the cut position is presented in this paper. Also float-over, which used for heavy decks, is a major breakthrough in the supersized deck installation. The motion of the crane vessel, sea level, tide and weather should be monitored strictly when float-over is implemented. A detailed introduction of three stages during control, that is, load-in, leg mating and load-out, is given.