下肢深静脉的彩色多普勒超声诊断之二—临床分布特征

CDFI of the lower limbs deep venous thrombosis

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声检查下肢深静脉的优缺点及血栓形成的发病率、年龄、性别、病因及好患肢体等临床特征。方法回顾性分析1356例下肢深静脉受检者的彩色多普勒超声结果,观察深静脉血栓形成的发病率、年龄、性别、病因及好患肢体等临床分布特征。结果1356例受检者中,共检出下肢静脉流速减慢81例(5.97%),下肢静脉高凝状态31例(2.29%),深静脉瓣膜功能不全63例(4.65%),深静脉血栓形成340例(25.07%)。深静脉血栓好发年龄分布在60至80岁,高峰分布在70～80岁,其中女性200例(占58.82%),男性140例(41.18%),发生在左侧肢体194例(57%),右侧肢体107例(31.5%),双下肢39例(11.5%),性别之间和左右侧患病比较差异具有统计学意义(分别为P<0.05及P<0.01)。血栓形成的主要病因有长期卧床或制动、手术或创伤、疾病因素(主要为恶性肿瘤、糖尿病、自身免疫性疾病及下肢炎性疾病)等。结论下肢深静脉血栓以女性、左下肢多见,发病高峰年龄在70～80岁。彩色多普勒超声可检出下肢深静脉各种病变,具有直观性、敏感性及可重复性等优点。

【Objective】To study the advantages and disadvantages of color Doppler flow imaging（CDFI） for diagnosing the lower limbs deep venous thrombosis（DVT） and clinical feature of DVT【.Method】 CDFI findings and clinical data（such as age,gender,risk factors,diseased limbs,etc.） of the lower limbs deep venous of 1356 subjects were retrospectively analyzed【.Results】 Of 1356 subjects,slow down flow velocity was founded in 81（5.97%）,concentrated blood,31（2.29%）,venous valve dysfunction,63（4.65%）,DVT,340（25.07%）.In patients with DVT,female sufferers was 200（58.82%）,male,140（41.18%）,Patients＇ages focused on 70 to 80 years.The left legs venous thrombosis was in 194（57%）,right,in 107（31.5%）,there was significant different between female and male（P0.05）,left and right（P0.01）.The risk factors were prolonged immobilization,surgery or injury and base diseases such as malignant tumor,diabetes,autoimmune disease,inflammation disease of legs,hepatic and heart or kidney disease,etc.【Conclusion】Deep vein thrombosis seems more common in women/left legs.CDFI is possible to diagnose obturating position,condition of venous valve and blood flow velocity,and so on.It is sensitive,reliable and repeatability for diagnosing venous thrombosis of the lower limbs.