广州海珠地区非O1／非O139群霍乱弧菌流行状况调查及生物学特征研究

Epidemic condition and biological characteristics of non-O1/non-O139 vibrio cholerae in Haizhu District of Guangzhou

目的 了解广州海珠地区2001-2009年非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌的流行、分布状况及生物学特征,为防控该类病原菌引起的急性腹泻病提供科学依据.方法 参照〈霍乱防治手册〉（第5版）中的检测方法,对本区珠江河水、饮用水、养殖水、各种海（水）产品、市售熟食等外环境标本764份、健康人群标本189份及肠道门诊腹泻患者标本3398份,共计4351份标本进行非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌的检定.结果 4351份标本共检出非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌101株,总检出率为2.32%;其中有66株可分型,分属于26个血清型,分型率为65.3%;VBO9、VBO38和VBO76为优势菌.外环境与腹泻患者标本中分离到9株同型别非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌,提示两者可能存在关联.结论 非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌在本地区的血清型分布呈现多样性,在人群中有一定的感染率;外环境中该类菌群广泛存在,对人群是一个潜在的危害因素.

Objective To understand the epidemic condition, distribution and biological characteristics of non-O1/non-O139 vibrio cholerae from 2001 to 2009 in Haizhu District, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute diarrhea. Methods Referring to the detecting method written in ＂Cholera control handbook＂in the fifth edition,764 specimens from outside environment （including the water in the Pearl River, drinking water, water for breeding fish, aquatic products and delicatessen foods）, 189 specimens of healthy population and 3398 intestinal samples of patients with diarrhea, summing up to 4351 specimens for non-O1/non-O139 vibrio cholerae test. Results 4351 speciments were detected of 101 strains of non O1/non O139 vibrio cholerae, the total detection rate was 2. 32%;66 strains were identified by serotyping and grouped into 26 different serotypes, the typing rate was 65.3%. The strains VBO9,VBO38 and VBO76 were the dominant bacteria. Nine strains of the same type of non-O1/non-O139 vibrio cholerae were found from external environments also from patients with diarrhea, suggesting that there might be a correlation between the two. Conclusion Non-O1/non-O139 vibrio cholerae have diversified serotypes, causing certain infection rate among the population in this region. These bacteria exist extensively in external environment and they are the potential hazard to the citizens.