我国地面气温参考站点遴选的依据、原则和方法

Principles and Procedures for Selecting Reference Surface Air Temperature Stations in China

由于城市化和观测环境变化的影响,我国现有国家级气象台站网观测的地面气温资料许多已不能满足气候变化检测研究的要求。利用我国全部气象观测站网的台站信息,对地面气温资料序列质量进行了系统评价,遴选出可用于气温变化研究的参考站点。这项工作建立了地面气温参考站点遴选的原则、方法和步骤,并据此确定了138个地面气温参考站。这些台站可代表背景地面气温场,其长期气温观测资料可用作城市台站或国家级台站城市化增温评价的参考,也可直接用于我国地面气温变化的检测分析。

The changing trend of surface air temperature is a critical issue in studies of climate change detection and attribution. Due to the large urbanization effect,however,the current dataset of surface air temperature of many national meteorological stations can hardly meet the demands of climate change researches. Based on the station information from all the meteorological stations of China,the quality of the surface air temperature data is evaluated,and the reference surface stations are selected for the studies of urbanization effect and regional climate change detection.The principles and methodology for selecting the reference stations are discussed. A total of 138 stations across the country have been finally chosen as the reference surface air temperature stations.The data from these stations can represent best the baseline change in surface air temperature in China,and can be used for evaluating the urbanization effects on surface air temperature change of national stations. They can also be used directly for detecting the surface air temperature change in China.