碳纤维的改性及其纸基功能材料性能的研究

A research on modification of carbon fiber and the performance as paper-based functional material

为了提高碳纤维和所成纸基功能材料的性能,利用一定浓度的硝酸对碳纤维进行了改性。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析手段对改性后碳纤维进行分析。结果表明:随着改性的进行,纤维亲水性明显提高,碳纤维在水中的分散性得到改善;碳纤维的石墨特征几乎没有变化,但观察到纤维表面受到明显的侵蚀。对纸基功能材料的物理检测结果表明:随着改性时间延长和温度的提高,碳纤维纸的匀度得到明显的改善,抗张指数呈先增加后降低的趋势,电阻率呈逐渐增大的趋势。综合考虑纤维改性效果和碳纤维纸性能的变化,确定最佳改性温度为60℃,改性时间为90min,此时碳纤维纸的抗张指数为14.2N·m/g,电阻率为0.153Ω.cm。

Carbon fiber was modified with nitric acid in order to improve the properties of carbon fiber and paper-based functional materials. Modified carbon fiber was analyzed by the X-ray diffraction pattern,the SEM and other methods. Results show that the hydrophilicity and dispersion in water of fiber are significantly improved after modification. The graphite characteristic of carbon fiber changes little while serious corrosion occurs on the surface of fiber. The physical properties of paper-based functional materials were tested. The result show that the resistivity increases with the increase of the modification time and temperature. It was also found that the tensile index increases first,and then decreases and the carbon paper＇s formation is obviously improved. When the effect of modification and performance of carbon fiber paper are considered,its optimal modification conditions are that the modification time 90min and temperature 60℃. In these conditions,the tensile index and resistivity of carbon fiber paper are 14.2N？m/g and 0.153Ω？cm respectively.