微生物胞外聚合物对水体重金属和富营养元素的环境生化效应研究展望

Environmental & Biochemical Effects of Microbial Extracellular Polymeric Substances on the Heavy Metals and Eutrophic Elements in Water Areas:A Review

综述了胞外聚合物(Extracellular polymeric substance,EPS)环境生物化学效应已有的研究成果,阐述了EPS对重金属和富营养元素环境生物化学效应的影响过程,指出了研究存在的问题和未来方向.EPS作为微生物分泌的产物,不仅对微生物的生存起到至关重要的作用,还对有毒重金属物质和富营养元素的环境生物化学效应影响显著.目前有关EPS环境效应的研究主要集中在实验室EPS提取、EPS凝絮性和EPS吸附动力学3个方面,而针对EPS与环境重金属和富营养元素的结合状态、EPS对重金属行为归宿的影响以及EPS与污染元素之间的微界面反应过程研究较少.

Based on the previous studies relating to the environmental and biochemical effects of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS）,this paper analyzes the process of EPS effect on water body and confirms the existing scientific problems,and it indicates that EPS,acting as the secretion from microorganisms in water body,not only plays a key role in survival of cells,but also has an obvious effect on the environmental and biochemical cycle of both toxic heavy metals and eutrophic elements.However,at present there are more researches focusing on EPS extraction,aggregation and kinetics,but fewer on exploring the timely combinative state between EPS and heavy metals eutrophic elements,and the effect of EPS on the behavior and fate of heavy metals and eutrophic elements.In addition,there are also fewer researches for explaining the micro-interfacial relationship between them.In order to understand these processes,it is necessary to and conduct these researches,particularly in China.