论中国文学史的国家知识属性及功能

On the Attributes of Chinese Literature History as National Knowledge and Its Functions

国家知识的属性是中国文学史研究长期被忽略的重要属性。中国文学史具有回答人们族属与国属双重身份追问、形成国家认同、促进公民责任感和国家意识、国家精神(民族精神)以及国家凝聚力生成的功能。因此,知识化的文学史总要被国家纳入国家知识和教育体系之中。作为个人知识话语实践的文学史与作为国家知识建构的文学史有着本质的不同。作为国家知识建构的文学史要处理好三方面的问题,一是知识分子个人对文学史阐释的权力及合法性与民族国家对知识化的文学史叙述规约之间的矛盾;二是知识分子独立的学术精神与国家意志之间可能出现的龃龉;三是解决"民族国家"和意识形态的泛政治化理解。

The attributes of national knowledge are important attributes neglected by Chinese literature history research for a long time.Chinese literature fulfills the function of answering questions of ethnic identity,national identity,forming national identity,promoting responsibility and national awareness of citizens,national spirit and the production of national cohesive force.Therefore,literature as knowledge is always absorbed in national knowledge and educationa system.Literature history as personal knowledge discourse practice and literature history as national knowledge construction are quite different in nature.Literature history as national knowledge construction needs to well deal with three problems：first,intellectual＇s individual right and legality to the interpretation of literature and contradictions of nation state＇s narration regulations of literature history as knowledge.Secondly,it is the possible conflict between independent academic spirit and national will.The third is to resolve the problem of understanding of ＂nation state＂ and pan-political ideology.