静、动态载荷下牙种植体骨内段位移比较的三维有限元分析

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the displacement of dental implant under static and dynamic loads

目的:对牙种植体全冠修复的三维有限元模型进行静、动态加载,以比较两种载荷下种植体骨内段位移的差异。方法:在同一牙种植体全瓷冠修复的三维有限元模型上施加静态载荷和一个周期为0.875 s的动态载荷,应用ANSYS软件比较种植体骨内段位移量与位移云图。结果:种植体骨内段位移在静、动态载荷下种植体颈部位移大,位移集中在颊舌侧并向根端减少,位移主方向沿作用力方向。最大位移量在静态舌斜向颊载荷(8.967μm)>静态颊斜向舌载荷(7.019μm)>静态垂直载荷(3.777μm);在一个周期动态载荷时,舌斜向颊载荷阶段最大位移量(25.559μm)>颊斜向舌载荷阶段最大位移量(14.619μm)>垂直载荷阶段最大位移量(8.884μm)。结论:种植体骨内段位移量在静态与动态载荷下均有统计学差异,动态载荷时大于静态载荷,但其位移分布规律相似;一个周期动态载荷下,种植体骨内段最大位移量产生在舌斜向颊载荷阶段,卸载后种植体仍有位移。

Aim：To analyze the difference of dental implant displacement between the static loads and dynamic loads using three-dimensional finite element model. Methods： Three dimensional finite element model was created of single tooth implant-supported all-ceramic crown.Dynamic loads were applied in a circle of mastication.The displacement of the implant was analyzed to compare with the static analysis.Results： The distribution rules of the implant＇s displacement under dynamic loading were similar to those under static loading.The displacement was concentrated on the cervical of the implant,especially in the lingual and buccal sides,and decreased towards the root.Its direction was the same as the loads＇.Under static loading,the maximum displacement values of the implant were arranged in order： oblique loads from lingua to bucca（8.967 μm） oblique loads from bucca to lingua（7.019 μm） vertical loads（3.777 μm）;while in a dynamic loading circle,the maximum displacement values of the implant were arranged in order： the stage of oblique loads from lingua to bucca（25.559 μm） that of oblique loads from bucca to lingua（14.619 μm） that of vertical loads（8.884 μm）.There was statistical difference between the values under static loading and those under dynamic loading referring to the displacement of the implant,values under dynamic loading were greater.In a dynamic loading circle,the maximum value was 2.9 times than under static loading.After unloading,there was still displacement in the implant.Conclusion：The displacement of the implant exist statistical difference between the values under static loading and those under dynamic loading.The distribution rules of the implant＇s displacement under dynamic loading were similar to those under static loading.the values under dynamic loading were greater.The maximum displacement value of the implant was induced in stage of oblique loads from lingua to bucca,when dynamic loads were applied in a circle of mastication.After unloading,there was still displacement in the implant.