机制创新与城市无障碍环境建设——以上海市无障碍出租汽车阳光车队为例

System Reform and Development of Urban Obstacle-Free Travel Service for People with Disability: A Case Study of Full Accessible Taxi Services Called"Sunshine Fleet"in Shanghai

通过对上海市无障碍出租汽车阳光车队的调查研究,探讨如何通过机制创新加快城市无障碍环境建设。首先介绍了阳光车队的组建背景、运作模式、服务方式以及技术运用。指出阳光车队的现实意义,即通过公共部门、私人企业以及社区之间的合作,调动社会资源为残疾人提供公共服务,是保障重度肢体残疾人群体出行权利的有益尝试。分析阳光车队存在服务对象范围小、服务时间有限制、运营成本高、财政补贴不合理等方面的问题。针对这些问题,对促进阳光车队发展提出若干政策建议:明确政府责任、优化运营管理、进行技术改进。

This paper discusses how to accelerate the development of obstacle-free travel environment through system reform based on a survey on a special taxi services called＂sunshine fleet＂in Shanghai. By introducing the background, operational patterns, services types, and technology application of＂sunshine fleet＂, the paper emphasizes that providing mobility to people who are severely handicapped is significant in a society. Through the collaboration among government, community and private enterprises, this service experiments how to provide and protect the mobility right for people with disability. This paper also outlines the problems of the service including the limited ridership and service time, high operating cost and unreasonable financial subsidies. In order to solve these problems, the paper suggests that the government must take responsibility in optimizing the service and improving service technical performance.