花园式屋顶绿化施肥技术试验研究——以地铁蒲汇塘路基地屋顶绿化为例

Experimental Investigation of Fertilization Key Technologies for Roof Green

以目前上海单体建筑上最大的花园式屋顶绿化——上海地铁蒲汇塘路基地花园式大型屋顶绿化为对象,对花园式屋顶绿化养护的施肥关键技术进行试验研究。结果表明:通过测定分析肥料施用后的土壤肥力指标、植物生长量(势)以及光合速率,确定屋顶绿化施肥主要对象是木钵种植的孤植树和矮生百慕大和黑麦草混播的草坪,其中木钵种植的孤植树以施用有机复合肥为宜:杜英为250g,桂花为400g,9月份开始每月1次;一般复合肥施肥量为杜英100g,桂花150g,3月份开始每2个月施用1次。施用方法为撒施后掩埋入土,浇水。草坪施肥种类和施肥量为(8g复合肥+4g尿素)/m2,生长季节每月1次,撒施后浇水。总之,施肥种类以腐殖酸有机复合肥和一般复合肥为主,少施尿素等速效化学肥,这样不仅可以改良土质,还可以通过控制生长量而减少病虫害的发生。

This article used the large-scale green roof of Po-Hui Tang Road subway base in Shanghai as the example to investigate the key fertilization technologies in maintenance practice for roof green. The results showed the main objects requiring fertilization in roof green were the trees planting in the wooden container and the lawn with the mixture of Tifdwarf variety and Lolium perenne L. through the analysis of soil samples and growth potential investigation on the indexes of plant yield and the rate of photosynthesis after fertilization, the humic acid fertilizer can be used to Elaeocarpus decipien with 250 g and Osmanthus fragrans with 400 g for each container once a month from September. On the other hand, the usage and period of general compound fertilizers were as follow： 100 g for Elaeocarpus decipien and 150 g for Osmanthus fragrans from March once per bimester. The use of fertilizer was applied into soil after sowing and watering. The kinds and amounts of fertilizer for lawn were 8 g compound fertilizer and 4 g urea per square meters, once a month in growth season. On the whole, among all of the fertilizers, the humie acid and general compound fertilizers were primary, which could decrease the happen of diseases and pests and improve the soil fertility level. Few quick-impact chemical fertilizers such as urea should be applied.