中美服务贸易比较研究

A Comparative Study on China and America's Trade in Services

近年来中国的服务贸易取得了较大的发展,但与美国相比仍存在较大的差距,主要表现在:服务贸易总体发展水平低,中国服务贸易的总体规模仅约为美国的1/3,且近年来贸易逆差额逐步扩大,而美国的服务贸易顺差却逐年增加;服务贸易结构落后,资本密集型服务和技术、知识密集型服务项目对服务贸易的贡献小,而美国服务贸易主要是以新兴服务贸易行业的出口构成。由于这些因素,无论是贸易竞争力指数还是显示性比较优势指数都清楚地表明,中国在国际市场长期处于劣势。从美国服务贸易发展的过程中学习其经验对中国来说具有重要意义。

In recent years, China＇s service trade has experienced rapid progress. While compared with the US, China＇s foreign trade in service still lags far behind. China＇s gap with the US is shown in the following： For the scale of trade in services, China＇s trade volume equals only one third of that of the US. In addition, trade deficit has kept increasing in recent years. On the contrary, the US＇s balance of trade in services has kept increasing; China＇s trade in services is characterized by traditional structure, in which the capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive items take up only a small part while the US＇s mainly consists of the newly emerging items. With these factors, both TC index and RCA index clearly show that China＇s international competitiveness has long remained low in the international market. Therefore, it is necessary forChina to learn from the US in the development of trade in services.