糖尿病视网膜病变相关因素分析与社区护理

Analysis of the related factors to diabetic retinopathy and nursing care in community

目的:探讨糖尿病患者视网膜病变发生的相关因素社区护理方法。方法:将205例糖尿病住院患者根据糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)诊断标准将患者分为DR组(158例)与非DR组(47例),对其基本情况如年龄、病程、血压及空腹血糖等实验室检查指标进行统计,分析DR发生的相关因素,针对病变因素实施相应的社区护理干预。结果:DR组糖尿病病程更长,尿素、尿酸、血压、WBC、中性粒细胞更高,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);DR组与非DR组比较年龄的构成和空腹血糖差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:对DR患者在社区实施降糖治疗和健康教育等护理干预措施,能提高患者的自护能力,有效控制血糖、血压和预防DR的发生,提高糖尿病患者的生活质量。

Objective： To discuss the related factors to the occurrence of retinopathy in the patients with diabetes and nursing methods in community.Methods： 205 inpatients with diabetes were divided into diabetic retinopathy（DR） group（n=158） and non diabetic retinopathy（non-DR） group（n=47） according to diagnostic criteria for DR.The patients＇ personal information such as age,duration of suffering the disease,blood pressure and glucose levels and other laboratory test results were collected and used to analyze the related factors to the occurrence of DR,and then the appropriate nursing intervention was given to the patients in community.Results： The duration of the disease was longer and the level of urea,uric acid,blood pressure,WBC and neutrophil was higher in the DR group,the difference in the comparison between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）;the difference in the comparison of the composition of age and fasting blood glucose was not significant between the DR group and non-DR group（P〉0.05）.Conclusion： The comprehensive nursing intervention measures such as treatment with hypoglycemic and health education in community can improve self-care ability of patients,effectively control blood glucose and blood pressure and prevent the occurrence of DR,thus the quality of life of the patients will be improved.