拜耳法赤泥改良及种植黑麦草的研究

Test Study on Improved Bayer Red Mud and Lolium perenne L. planting

[目的]找到改良拜耳法赤泥的合适的改良剂和筛选在改良后土壤上适合生长的植物品种，以解决赤泥堆场的环境问题。[方法]采用酸性废料磷石膏和生物质锯末对存放时间2年、含盐量较低的拜耳法赤泥进行改良，并在改良土壤上种植黑麦草。[结果]添加生物质能够显著提高赤泥改良土壤的持水率，磷石膏对持水率没有明显影响。经生物质锯末和磷石膏改良后的赤泥，其土壤结构和pH值等基本满足黑麦草种植的要求，7d后黑麦草的发芽率可以达到52％-88％。[结论]添加生物质锯末改善了赤泥土壤物理结构，有利于种子出苗和根系的生长；添加磷石膏显著降低了赤泥土壤pH值，有利于黑麦草的生长。

[ Objective ] The aim was to find the best improver to improve the bayer red mud and select the plant species which are suitable for planting on the improved mud so as to solve the enviromnental problem of red mud disposal site. [ Method ] The acidic waste phosphogypsum and biomass sawdust were adopted to improve the low salt bayer red mud which had been stored for two years, and then the Lolium perenne L. was planted on the improved mud soil. [ Result ] The bilmass sawdust could significantly improve the water holdup rate of red mud soil while the phosphogypsum could not. The soil structure and pH value of the improved mud by phosphogypsum and biomass sawdust were suitable for the growth of Lolium perenne L. ,the germination rate of Lolium perenne L. could reach 52% - 88% after 7 days. [ Conclusion] The biomass sawdust could improve the physical structure of red mud soil, which was favorable for the seed germination and root growth ; the phosphogypsum could significantly reduce the soil pH of red mud, which was bad for the growth of Lolium perenne L..