我国农村民间金融规范化发展的机制研究

Mechanism Research on Standardized Development of Rural Private Finance in China

在简述我国学者对民间金融研究情况的基础上,从广义和狭义2个角度介绍了农村民间金融的内涵。阐述了农村民间金融的形式(包括民间借贷、合会、私人钱庄、民间集资、融资组织、合作、NGO小额信贷组织等)和农村民间金融与农村经济的关系,指出其是强弱的联合,在市场机制的作用下,可互动共生,实现互利共赢。分析了我国农村民间金融发展不规范的历史原因、监管原因和文化原因,探讨了农村民间金融规范化发展的机制:一是规范组织管理机制,包括规模控制机制和银行式经营管理机制;二是完善金融监管机制;三是适度政府干预机制,包括提供宽松的政策环境、减少不正当干预;四是人员素质提高机制,包括培植农村信用文化、提高监管人员素质。

In generalizing the researching conditions of researchers on private finance,the paper introduces the connote meaning of rural private finance broadly and narrowly.The paper states the forms of rural private finance（including private loaning,private bank,rural private collecting,financing organizations,cooperatives,NGO,small loaning organizations and so on）,the relations between rural private finance and rural economic relations,pointing out that it is the combination of the strong and the weak,which may generate benefits with the operation of marketing mechanisms.The paper analyzes the historic causes,supervision causes and cultural causes of rural private finance,discussing mechanisms of standardized development of rural private finance：firstly,standardize the organization management mechanisms,including scaled controlling mechanisms and bank management mechanisms;secondly,complete finance supervision mechanisms;thirdly,moderate government intervention,including affording liberal policy environment and reducing the improper intervention;fourthly,upgrading qualities mechanisms,including cultivating the rural credit culture and improving the quality of regulatory personnel.