玉溪市儿童麻疹疫苗免疫后血清抗体监测分析

Monitoring of Serum Antibody after Measles Immunization on Children in Yuxi City

目的了解玉溪市15岁以下儿童麻疹疫苗免疫后抗体维持情况,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用分层和整群抽样法,在玉溪市一区八县内随机抽取3个县(红塔区、江川县、元江县),抽中的每个县按PPS概念抽样法调查350名儿童麻疹疫苗免疫接种情况,并采集合格血清进行麻疹IgG抗体检测。结果在调查的1043名儿童中,麻疹抗体阳性率为94.92%,几何平均滴度(GMT)为1:1080.93。三县区的阳性率均在94.68%以上,几何平均滴度(GMT1:)在936.10～1321.56之间,县区之间抗体阳性率无差异;不同年龄段之间抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.20,P<0.01),其中以1岁基础免疫组抗体相对较低,仅达91.91%;性别之间抗体阳性率无差异;不同户籍儿童抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.52,P<0.05)。结论玉溪市儿童麻疹疫苗免疫后产生了有效的IgG保护性抗体,1～15岁儿童形成了较牢固的免疫屏障,对控制麻疹取得较好的作用。

[Objective]To understand the measles antibody levels of children under 15 years after immunization in Yuxi City,and provide scientific evidence for measles elimination.[Methods]Stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select 3 counties（Hongta District,Jiangchuan County,Yuanjiang County） from Yuxi City,350 from each county were sampled for immunization investigation according to PPS sampling method.The qualified serum samples were collected for measles IgG antibody test.[Results]Of1043 surveyed children,the positive rate of measles antibody was 94.92%,GMT was 1：1080.93.The positive rates of the 3 counties were all over 94.68%,while GMT ranged from 936.10 to 1321.56;the difference of measles antibody positive rate was not significant between counties,but significant between age groups（χ2 = 14.20,P 0.01）,the positive rate was relatively low in basic immunization group of 1 year old（91.91%） ;the measles antibody positive rate was not significantly different between genders,but significantly different between children with different census registration（χ2 = 13.52,P 0.05）.[Conclusion]Protective antibody IgG has generated effectively in children＇s body after measles immunization in Yuxi City.Immune barrier has formed solidly among children aged 1 ～ 15 years,which plays an important role in measles control.