婴幼儿监护人疫苗接种相关知识的调查结果

Investigation Result of Knowledge about Vaccination among Guardians of Infants

目的了解北京市门城社区内0～4岁儿童监护人对免疫接种相关知识认知程度及相关行为,为进一步开展免疫接种宣传教育提供科学依据。方法随机抽取在该社区门诊部进行免疫接种的儿童的母亲或父亲,共538人,通过填写调查表,了解儿童监护人对免疫接种相关知识认知程度及相关行为。结果外来儿童监护人在文化程度、家庭年收入、职业方面以及在获取预防接种知识的途径方面与本地儿童监护人存在差异(P<0.01);在认为比较合适获知预防接种知识途径方面存在差异(P<0.05);外来儿童监护人在免疫接种及免疫接种不良反应认知2个方面得分均低于本地儿童监护人(P<0.01);该社区儿童监护人对免疫接种不良反应认知方面知识的得分低于免疫接种一般知识(P<0.01)。结论外来人口是门城社区免疫接种宣教服务的重点;社区内进行的各种宣教形式是以后工作方向的重点;在免疫接种宣教工作中应增加免疫接种不良反应等方面的知识。

[Objective]To understand the awareness of knowledge about vaccination and related behaviors among guardians of children aged 0 ～ 4 years in Mengcheng community of Beijing,provide the scientific evidences for further education of immunization.[Methods]538 parents whose children received vaccination in this community clinic were randomly selected to answer the questionnaire,so as to understand the awareness of knowledge about vaccination and related behaviors among guardians of children.[Results]There were significant differences in educational background,annual household income,occupation and approaches for obtaining the knowledge about vaccination between immigrant guardians and local guardians（P 0.01）,and the difference in suitable approaches for obtaining the knowledge was significant（P 0.05）.The scores of cognition about vaccination and adverse reaction of immigrant guardians were lower than that of local guardians（P 0.01）.The score of knowledge about adverse reaction of vaccination among guardians in this community was lower than the score of common knowledge of vaccination（P 0.01）.[Conclusion]The floating population is the focal point of the immunization education in Mencheng community.The various forms of education in the community are the emphasis of further work.The knowledge about adverse reaction of vaccination should be added to the immunization education.