1U.S.Department of Education.National Center for Education Statistics. Pursuing Excellence: A Study of U.S. Eight-Grade Mathematics and Science Achievement in International Context. NCES 97-198, by Lois Peak.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing.Office,1996.
2U.S. Department of Education.National Center for Education Statistics, Pursuing Excellence: A Study of U.S. Fourth-Grade Mathematics and Science Achievement in International Context NCES 97-198.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office,1998.
3U.S.Department of Education.National Center for Education Statistics.Pursuing Excellence: A Study of U.S. Twelfth-Grade Mathematics and Science Achievement in International Context. NCES 98-049.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office,1998.
4American Department of Education.Mathematics Equals Opportunity. October 20,1997.
5TIMSS U. S. National Research Center. TIMSS Newsletter. Report No.8, April, 1998.
6范良火等.华人如何学习数学[M].南京:江苏教育出版社,2005,391.
7Ginsburg, Leinwand, S., Anstrom,T., & Pollock,E. What the United States Can Learn From Singapore's World-Class Mathematics System.Washington, DC: Education Forum, 2005.
8Goh,C.T. Shaping our future:"Thinking Schools" and "Learning Nation". Speeches,21(3):12-20, 1997. Singapore: Ministry of Information and the Arts.
9Ministry of Education.Mathematics syllabus-Lower secondary. Sinngpore: Curriculum Planning and Development Division, 2000a,Ministry of Education.
10Ministry of Education.Mathematics syllabus-Primary. Singapore: Curriculum Planning and Development Division, 2000b, Ministry of Education.