吉田茂的“中国观”

A Study on Yoshida Shigeru's China Diplomatic Perspectives

上世纪50年代初,日本首相吉田茂在决定日本对华政策时,曾试图在大陆和台湾之间搞"平衡"。但是,在当时的国际形势下,依附美国,选择与台湾"建交"是日本的最大"国益"。本文通过对吉田茂的"中国观"进行剖析,揭示出当年日本政府选择与台湾"建交",并不是吉田茂"心甘情愿"的。但为了日本的国家利益,他宁愿"牺牲"自己的个人想法。充分说明,在制定国家政策时,国家利益高于一切。

In the early 1950s, in his diplomatic policymaking, Japanese Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru attempted to achieve a certain kind of ＂balance＂ between China and Taiwan. For the international situation at that timem, he determined that the biggest interests for Japan was to attach to the United States of America, and to establish ＂diplomatic relationship＂ with Taiwan, China. In the analysis of Yoshida Shigeru＇s diplomatic perspectives towards China, this paper tries to demonstrate that, in diplomatic policymaking, the state interests is always put in the highest priority, just as in the case of Yoshida Shigeru, when he decided upon the establishment of ＂diplomatic relationship＂ with Taiwan, it was not due to his ＂willingness＂ to do so, but rather, he chose to ＂sacrifice＂ his personal perspectives for the state interests by putting to the highest priority of the Japanese state interests in his diplomatic policymaking.