表面装饰对刨花板总有机挥发物和甲醛释放的影响

Effect of Surface Finish of Particleboards on Reducing Emission of Total Volatile Organic Compounds and Formaldehyde

从刨花板二次加工即人造板表面装饰入手,采用密闭气候箱法检测市场中常见的几种饰面刨花板总有机挥发物质量浓度,并结合气相色谱—质谱法,分析薄木贴面与基材的VOC种类和含量的变化。实验结果表明:不同饰面方法释放的甲醛和总有机挥发物质量浓度不同,其中聚丙烯贴面材料能很好地降低污染物质量浓度,能封闭84.18%的总有机挥发物和71.43%的甲醛。而实验中的水性涂料自身挥发性较强,所以经过水性涂料涂饰的刨花板总有机挥发物质量浓度远远大于刨花板素板总有机挥发物质量浓度;未贴面的刨花板污染释放物成分为21种,薄木贴面刨花板释放的污染物成分为15种,薄木贴面刨花板污染成分比未贴面刨花板污染成分减少50%以上。

The test started with secondary processing of particleboard,namely surface finishes of particleboards. The average Total Volatile Organic Compounds（ TVOC） and formaldehyde concentrations of surface finishing particleboards were measured in an airtight environmental chamber. Then the variations in kinds and contents of Volatile Organic Compounds （ VOCs） were analyzed between veneer finished and unfinished boards. The experiment results showed that formaldehyde and TVOC concentrations were different for different surface finishing treatments. Among these finishes and coatings,the barrier to the TVOC and formaldehyde of polyethylene film paper particleboard was the best,which reduced 84.18% of TVOC and 71.43% of formaldehyde. While the TVOC concentrations of the water-based coatings containing high volatile organic compounds were higher than those of the unfinished particleboards. Twenty-one kinds of VOCs were identified from the unfinished particleboards and 15 kinds of VOCs from the veneer-overlaid particleboard by the method of GC-MS,and the content of VOCs from the veneer-overlaid particleboard was over 50% lower than that of VOCs from the unfinished boards.