叙事:历史话语的结构性文学因素——后现代历史叙事学的一个基本理路

Narrative as the Structural Literariness of Historical Discourse

通过比较古今中外理论家对历史话语文学性的研究,发现历史话语有两种文学因素:装饰性文学因素和结构性文学因素。历史话语的装饰性文学因素属于一般修辞学的范围,是历史话语的一种外在点缀;与之不同,叙事作为历史话语的结构性文学因素,在一个历史话语中起着不可或缺的构成性作用,它是历史话语最基本的生命形式。后现代历史叙事理论所谈论的历史话语的文学性即着眼于后者,这是后现代主义历史叙事理论的一个基本思路。

There are two kinds of literariness in historical discourse. One is the decorative element, which is an embellishment of historical discourse. And the other is the structural element, narrative, compared with the decorative element, which is the important thing in historical discourse and is indispensable to constructing a history narrative.It is one of the main ways to think about the literariness in historical discourse from the aspect of narrative.