管件液压成形加载路径的多目标优化

Multiple-objective optimization of the loading path in tube hydroforming

在管件液压成形过程中,加载路径对成形过程的影响最为重要。文章给出了一种新的加载路径优化方法,即精英保留非劣排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)与成形数值模拟软件集成,实现对加载路径的自动寻优。该方法通过优化算法程序修改加载路径,自动调用数值模拟软件进行分析,在更大的解空间内自动寻找最优方案。文中以某汽车仪表板梁为例,采用该方法对液压成形中的加载路径进行优化分析。结果表明,通过该方法所获取的加载路径较通过人工寻优所获取的加载路径更趋于最优。另外,该方法一次运算能够同时获取多个Pareto最优解,可为加载路径的制订和设计人员的决策,提供更多的选择。

The loading paths are very important in tube hydroforming（THF）.A new optimum design method for loading paths in THF,which integrates dynamic explicit FEM procedure into multiple-objective genetic algorithms based on elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm（NSGA-Ⅱ）was put forward.A case study was carried out for the hydroforming of an instrument panel beam.The results show that the loading paths obtained by the method are better than the loading paths obtained by trial and error.In addition,multiple results could be obtained in one operation,which offers a wider choice for process parameters and designer＇s decision-making.