山区高速公路交通事故分析及多发路段鉴别

Identifying method of traffic accident black spots on mountain freeway

结合云南昆石（昆明—石林）高速公路与陕西西汉（西安—汉中）高速公路的交通事故统计资料,采用统计分析方法分析了高速公路交通事故形态及时间分布特征,并以当量事故率为指标,采用质量控制法对山区高速公路事故多发段进行鉴别,最后以昆石高速公路为实例分析说明。研究结果表明：山区高速公路交通事故中将近一半是追尾事故,其次是碰撞和翻车,碰撞、追尾和翻车3类事故形态累计百分比达78.14%;事故发生时间主要在2：00~4：00、12：00~14：00、16：00~18：00这3个高峰时段,此3个时间段共占全天交通事故发生总量的42.2%;通过对当量事故率的改进,采用质量控制法鉴别事故多发路段,能够切实反映山区高速公路的特点,有效提高鉴别效果和应用范围;以昆石高速公路交通事故为研究对象,根据当量事故率的大小进行排序,得出昆石高速公路事故多发路段共计12段。

Taking the road accident statistical data of Kunming—Shilin freeway in Yunnan province and Xi＇an—Hanzhong freeway in Shaanxi province as the research subject,this paper analyzed the freeway road accident form and the time distribution characteristic.Taking the equivalent accident rate as index,adopting the mass control method to identify the black spots based on Kunming—Shilin freeway.The study results show that： nearly half of the mountain freeway traffic accidents are rear-end accidents,followed by collisions and rollovers,the percentage of this three kinds of traffic accident reaches 78.14%;the accidents mainly happen at 2：00~4：00,12：00~1 4：00,and 16：00~18：00,the percentage reaches 42.2%;the method adopting the equivalent accident rate can reflect mountain area freeway characteristic effectively,raise identifying efficiency and applied range,there are 12 sections with more black spots on Kunming—Shilin freeway raise according to the equivalent accident rate.4 tabs,3 figs,10 refs.