交流电机铁耗的工程计算方法分析

Engineering Computation Methods Analysis of Iron Losses of AC Electric Machines

电机铁耗影响因素繁多,尚无准确计算方法,目前在电机设计及运行能耗分析方面得到广泛应用的是进行近似计算的工程方法。该类方法的计算公式有多种且均通过引入经验系数计及铁耗的众多影响因素。经验系数受铁心材料、电机结构及制造工艺等多种因素影响,取值范围十分宽泛。为了便于工程技术人员正确理解和应用工程计算方法,从铁磁材料损耗计算基础出发,对常见的三种工程计算方法的来源、特点及经验系数选取等一系列问题进行了系统介绍,并针对应用较多的一种方法,通过大量实例,对比分析了计算与实测铁耗值的差别。最后对工程计算方法的特点及其不足进行了评价,提出了需要进一步研究的问题及解决途径。

Due to a multitude of factors,it was difficult to find a generic method to accurately predict the iron losses in AC electric machines. There were many existing engineering methods that approximate to some degree these iron losses in design and energy consumption analysis for electric machines,in which,for considering the numerous influencing factors of iron losses,the empirical correction coefficients were most often adopted and it was affected by many factors such as core materials,structures and manufacturing techniques,which results that it tended to be very wide ranging. The authors intended to facilitate an engineer’s understanding and use of various methods,from basic ferromagnetic material loss theory,three commonly used methods were reviewed thoroughly,including their origins, characteristics and empirical correction coefficient choice. Next,one of the most popular methods was illustrated across a large number of examples with comparison of tested and predicted results. Finally,generic comments on the characteristics and shortcomings of these methods were given,and ideas for further research and solution were presented.