海南长臂猿栖息地结构分析

AN ANALYSIS ON HABITAT STRUCTURE OF THE HAINAN GIBBON

海南长臂猿主要栖息在热带沟谷雨林和山地雨林的高树上,对别种林型颇难适应。沟谷雨林和山地雨林植物群落垂直结构明显,乔木层次在3层以上,富巨型木质藤本和附生、寄生植物,为猿类创造了良好的食物和鸣寝条件。猿群喜欢在山体中部和中下部沟谷、坡壁林缘地段活动,罕去高海拔山巅或山脊林区。若避免过甚的人为干扰,在海南岛现有自然林条件下,猿群有可能得到发展。

The gibbons of Hainan live mainJy on the high trees in tropical valley rain forests and mountain rain forests, and are hard to adapt themselves to other types of forests. There must be enough tropical natural forests to protect gibbons. The valley and mountain rain forests have vertical structure that the stratification is of more than three layers. The trees are high and have wide range crowns with big xyloid lianas, epiphyte and parasite plants, and have most abundant food resources. Humidity and temperature are most suitable and the conditions are good for gibbons singing and sleeping. The wider vallies and slopes of virgin rain forests are major places for activities and shelter for the gibbon groups which prefer to Jive in the forest area between the middle and lower-middle part of mountains, but go rarely to the forests in the mountain peak and ridge with high altitude. There are few birds or beasts of prey in the area,and not under threat.With lesse-ning human disturbances and the good condition of natural forests, the gibbon popula-tion will increar.e. It has been proved that the number of the gibbon has been doubled since the Bawangling Nature Reserve on the Hainan liland was, set up. Though the gibbon population do not have an attachment to the remnant and secon-dary forests at present,the gibbons may make use of them after their long-time renewal.