160例急性中毒患者流行病学调查

Epidemiological Study of one Hundred Sixty Acute Poisoning Patients

目的：回顾分析近3年来某院160例急性中毒患者的流行病学资料,为今后本地区急性中毒防治提供依据。方法：对某院2008年4月-2010年4月收治住院的160例急性中毒资料进行多因素分析。结果：本组160例患者中,男性多于女性,中毒年龄以中青年（18-59岁）居多,患者以有机磷中毒为最多见（20.6%）。其次,男性患者以酒精中毒为主,女性以安定中毒为主（分别为5.625%和6.875%）。中毒患者以农民、民工及低收入人群居多。中毒事件以第3季度高发。农药百草枯死亡率最高（80%）,食物中毒治愈率最高（43.75%）。结论：某院急性中毒患者以中青年最多,有机磷中毒比例最高。其次,男性患者以酒精中毒为主,女性以安定中毒为主。应特别加强农村、郊县地区及低收入人群安全卫生教育,关注弱势群体,提高全民素质是防治中毒的关键。

Objective： By reviewing epidemiology data of acute poisoning,we hope to offer methods of prevention and cure in acute poisoning in our district.Methods： All acute poisoning patients were asked to fill in a form,including age,gender,profession,poison time,exposure site,substance of poison,dosage,exposure route,emergency treatment,diagnosis and prognosis,these data were retrospectively reviewed.Results： From April 2008 to April 2010,there were 160 patients with acute poisoning.The majority of these cases was between the age of 18~59 years.There was male preponderance（male ： female 1.19：1） The most common classes of substances involved in poisoning were organophosphate（20.6%）,alcohol（5.625% in males） and benzodiazepine（6.875% in females）.The majority of the patients are peasants（or peasants hired for temporary job in the city） and population with low salary.Most poisoning occurred in summer（July,Aug and Sep）,the highest motality rate was paraquet poisoning.Conclusion： Among patients in our hospital,the majority of acute poisoning patients are young and middle-aged,male was more than female.Main poisons were organophosphate,alcohol and benzodiazepine.Further regulatory enforcement should be carried out by government to restrict and manage the use of pesticides and the government should invest more to the education and medication to public health,especially in rural area.