越南古代汉文诗叙论

A Discussion of Vietnam's Ancient Chinese Poems

越南古代文学中,诗歌是最先成熟并发展的样式,汉文诗又为越南古代诗歌之主流。越南古代汉文诗主要承袭中国唐代以来的诗歌传统,尤以"近体诗"最为发达。文章对越南独立建国以后汉文诗的历时性发展进行了比较全面的介绍,认为在取得很大成绩的同时,越南古代汉文诗也形成了自己的一些特点,其中包括创作观念上沿袭中国的"言志缘情"传统而有所变通,艺术形式上深受"唐律"的影响,故其发展的阶段性特征不是很明显,题材较窄,创作上的模仿和程式化也比较严重。这是在特殊的背景条件下形成的现象,不能完全按照研究中国古代诗歌的方法来研究越南古代汉文诗。

Poetry became mature and well developed as the earliest pattern in Vietnam＇s ancient literature,and Chinese poems form the mainstream of Vietnam＇s ancient poetry.Ancient Chinese poems in Vietnam have mainly followed the poetic traditions since the Tang Dynasty,and especially its poems in a modern style have been well developed.This paper provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to the diachronic development of Chinese poems in Vietnam since it was founded and became independent.The paper argues that Vietnam＇s Chinese poems developed most prosperously in Chen Dynasty and Houli Dynasty.Having achieved notable success,its ancient Chinese poems have developed their own special features,including creative ideas which follow and adapt the Chinese tradition that ＂Ambitions are expressed in poems and beauty of poems is derived from emotion.＂ Affected by the rhythm of poems in the Tang Dynasty in terms of their art forms,they do not show obvious characteristics of their development phases.They are limited in subject-matter;they are imitated works to a considerable extent,following fixed patterns.This phenomenon formed in the special historical conditions reminds us that we cannot conduct research on Vietnam＇s ancient Chinese poems just as we make studies of Chinese poetry.