不同磷素营养水平对水稻剑叶光合特性的影响

Effects of Different Levels of Phosphorus Nutrient on the Photosynthesis Characteristic of Rice Flag

[目的]为水稻的磷高效栽培调控提供科学依据。[方法]以长白9号（CB9）和吉粳81（JJ81）2个粳稻品种为试材进行盆栽试验,各品种分别设5个磷肥水平（P0~P4）,在灌浆期测定剑叶净光合速率、叶色值（SPAD）、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔限制值等光合特性指标。[结果]CB9净光合速率在P3处达到最大,并与其余各组间差异显著（P〈0.05）;JJ81各处理组净光合速率均高于对照,并在P4处达到最大。CB9和JJ81的SPAD值均在P3处达到最大;随施磷量的增加,2个品种的气孔导度和蒸腾速率均表现出先增加后降低的趋势。随着施磷量的增加,CB9的胞间CO2浓度先降低后增加,而JJ81先增加后降低。2个品种的气孔限制值变化趋势均与胞间CO2浓度的变化趋势相反。[结论]适当增施磷肥均能提高水稻剑叶光合特性,但2个品种间存在基因型差异。

[Objective]To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice.[Method]Changbai9（CB9）and Jijing81（JJ81）were used as experimental materials for pot experiment,and five levels of phosphorus nutrient（P0-P4） were set for each variety,the net photosynthesis rate,Chlorophgll Meter Readings（SPAD Readings）,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 contentration,stomatal limitation and other photosynthetic characteristics indicators were observed and compared between five different phosphorus levels at filling stage.[Result]The net photosynthesis rate of CB9 reached the highest at P3,and was significantly different from other treatments（P0.05）;the net photosynthesis rate of groups of JJ81 were higher than that of the control group,and reached the highest at P4.The SPAD readings of CB9 and JJ81 all achieved the highest at P3,and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all at first increased then decreased with the phosphorus increased in CB9 and JJ81.With the phosphorus increased,intercellular CO2 concentration of CB9 decreased at first and then increased,while in JJ81 the trend was inversed,but the tendency of intercellular CO2 concentration were opposite to that of stomatal limitation in both cultivars.[Conclusion]Appropriate adding phosphorus could improve photosynthetic characteristic of rice flag-leaf,but displayed significant genotypic difference.