财产征收的专门与统一立法——兼论《拆迁条例》修订之局限

On Property Collection,Special Legislation and Limitation of Removal Ordinance Revision

土地征收和城市拆迁引发了众多拆迁悲剧和程度不同的冲突,而现行相关立法呈现滞后和制度供给不足的特征,体现在完整统一的法律体系没有形成,缺乏公共利益的明晰界定,征收的正当程序及其补偿标准、救济程序需要重构等诸多层面。本文认为,前期启动的《拆迁条例》之修订具有局限性,制定一部财产征收法是理论探索、现实需要和立法技术上的理性选择。

The codification of property collection and establishment of unified legal system is practical requirement and logical consequence of legislation. Land acquisition and city demolition bring about removal tragedies and different conflicts. But the current relative legislations often lag behind or fail to meet the requirements of legal system, which indicates a lack of a complete and unified legal system, and of a clear definition of public interest, therefore, needs to reconstruct a rational collecting procedure, compensation guideline and relief procedures. The paper challenges the Demolition Ordinance enacted recently, points out its limitation and then promotes a theoretical probe and rational legislative technique selection for the enactment of land acquisition.