不同品系鸡淀粉酶同工酶的遗传研究

Genetical Studies on Amylase Isoenzyme in Various Strains of Chickens

采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳法研究了罗斯褐、星杂283、星杂579、艾维茵和印第安河等4个品系鸡血清以及星杂288、艾维茵、印第安河鸡羽毛的淀粉酶同工酶的遗传控制谱型、表型频率和基因频率。鸡的血清和羽毛淀粉酶同工酶谱分为A、C、D,B、C、D和A、B、C、D 3种类型的酶区带,并显示AA、AB、BB的表型特征,各品系鸡以AB表型频率最高;其次,罗斯褐、艾维茵和印第安河鸡为AA型;星杂238和星杂579鸡为BB型。显示A基因(Amy-1A)频率高的是艾维茵、印第安河和罗斯褐鸡,星杂579、星杂288则显示基因(Amy-1 B) 频率高。同一品系鸡的父母代(母系)和商品代(母鸡)之间的淀粉酶同工酶表型频率和基因频率者未见差异(P>0.05)。本试验建立了鸡羽毛淀粉酶同工酶的检测方法,此方法简便,测定结果与血清样品比较也未见差异(P>0.05),故可用羽毛代替血清测定鸡的淀粉酶同工酶。

Amylase isoenzyme patterns that being genetically controled in the sera of Ross Brown, Starcross 288, Starcross 579, Avian and Indian River chickens and in the feather of Starcross 288, Avian, Indian River chickens were separated and measured by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gradient gel.And at the same time the frequences of phenotype (and genotype) in populations of various chicken strains were examined. The measurement method of detecting amylase isoenzyme in the feathers of chicken was esta blished. This method is simple and no significant difference between the measured result of feathers and that of serum sample was seen (P>0.05) .