敦煌变文“不具来生业报恩”校议

A Textual Examination of the Chinese Expression of "Bu Ju Lai Sheng Ye Bao En" in Dunhuang Variables

《大目乾连冥间救母变文》中的"不具来生业报恩"当作"不惧来生业报因"。"业报恩"不可理解,"业报因"是佛教经论中的常见搭配,且变文中旁证甚多,故"恩"当作"因"。"具"虽可与"业报因"搭配,但不合上下文意;上下文多说地狱之可惧,且"惧(畏)因(果)"是佛教经论中的常见搭配,故"具"当作"惧"。

The Chinese expression of ＂Bu Ju Lai Sheng Ye Bao En＂,which means ＂not having gratitude karma in the next life＂ in Variable Text of Muqianlian Rescues His Mother in Hell in Dunhuang variables really means ＂Bu Ju Lai Sheng Ye Bao In＂,which means ＂not being afraid of retribution karma in the next life.＂.The phrase ＂Ye Bao En＂ （gratitude karma） is conceptually inconceivable while ＂Ye Bao In＂ （retribution karma） is the usual collocation in common use in Buddhist Scriptures with empirical evidences in the variables.Therefore the character ＂Ju＂ （having） needs to be interpreted as its homophone ＂Ju＂（not being afraid）.Although we may collocate the character ＂Ju＂（having） with ＂Ye Bao Yin＂ （retribution karma）,but it doesn＇t tally with the semantic context.Since ＂Ju＂ （being afraid） is often mentioned to in the expression of fear of hell,and with the considerations that ＂Ju（wei） Yin（guo）＂,meaning to ＂be afraid of retribution＂ is in commonly used in Buddhist Scriptures,so ＂Ju＂（having）is really to mean a homophonic word ＂Ju＂（being afraid）.