谈古代公文的文质观

Simple Discussion on Ancient Official Documents' Content and Form

公文作为"贯道之器"、"政事之先",应体现实用、清新、质朴的文质观,但是,我国古代公文的文质观却因不同朝代推行不同的文化政策等原因略有区别。春秋战国时期,文章主要是以质为主,在一定程度上体现一些"文"的要素。秦朝"尚质而不文",西汉初期以朴实简明、宽博深厚为主流,但自西汉中期以后至唐初,受大赋、骈文影响,出现侈丽、浮华倾向,明清时期又出现了繁琐、八股之风。面对这种不良的文质观,当时的统治者及文章大家通过颁布法令、"整风运动"、身体力行等措施极力倡导平易自然、反映现实的文质观。

Documents should embody practical,simple and fresh content and form as ＂tool for civilization and propaganda＂ and ＂political affairs＂.However,Chinese official documents＇ content and form are different because of different cultural policies advocated by different dynasties.The rulers and master writers issued legal regulation,hold rectification campaign and did earnestly practice in order to advocate the viewpoints that the documents should be plain and natural,as well as reflect the reality.