论我国地方政府公共服务的“趋中”供给及治理取向

On the Trend Towards the Medium Regarding Local Government Providing for Public Services and Relevant Management

改革开放30多年来,在经济取得快速增长的同时,地方政府对涉及民生的公共服务供给呈现出"趋中"的态势。其主要原因在于传统的分税制在地方政府的事权与财权关系上存在一定的不对等,政府考核机制偏重于经济发展,而社会建设与经济发展又相对"脱嵌"等方面。通过以我国近年来地方政府在财政支出方面的数据为考察指标,发现地方政府在"多任务代理者"角色下的公共服务供给中表现出"趋中"的动机,治理对策上则应注意三个方面,即改革与完善分税制,促进社会政策建设以及创造公共服务市场的竞争考核体系。

In the recent over 30 years,China＇s economic development was so rapid that the local government providing for public services involving people＇s livelihood presented a trend towards the medium.The reasons why the trend took place were mainly as follows： there was a certain inequity in the relation between the administrative and financial power of local governments because of the traditional tax allocation system;overemphasizing the economic development in the evaluation of the performance of a local government;the poor construction of social security/environment was disproportionate to economic development.Taking the data on budgetary expenditures of local governments in recent years as evaluation indices, it was found that the motive of the trend towards the medium appears when local governments play the role of multitask agents in public services.The measures to be taken to solve the problem should include the following three aspects,i.e.,the reform to perfect the tax allocation system,improving the policy of social security/environment and creating an evaluation system of competitive market for public services.