护士人格特征的文献研究

Literature Research of Personality Characteristics of Nurses

目的分析我国护理人员的人格特征,以期为护理教育提供参考依据。方法以在校护生、实习护生、护士、护师、卡特尔十六种人格因素量表(sixteen personality factor questionnaire,16PF)、人格特征为检索词,选取10篇有关护士人格特征的研究报告,分析其研究结果。结果护士群体的人格特征突出表现在高乐群性和高稳定性上;在职护士与护生相比,护生的人格特征突出体现在高兴奋性和低怀疑性上,而在职护士体现在低紧张性上;优秀护士与一般护士相比,优秀护士的人格特征突出体现在高自律性上;随着护理职业生涯的延长,护理人员的人格特征可以产生一定的重塑。结论护理人员的人格具有可塑性,为了更好地优化护理人员的人格特征,需要从职业本身对从业人员产生影响的角度制定措施。

Objective To analyze the personality characteristics of nurses so as to provide references for nursing education.Methods Using nurse,nursing sixteen personality factor questionnaire（16PF） and personality characteristics as search terms,10 research reports related to nurses’ personality characteristics were selected to analyze the outcomes.Results The personality characteristics of nursing staff were highlighted in high gregariousness and high stability.Comparing to the personality characteristics of nurses,nursing students were highlighted in the high excitement and low suspicion.While the nurses were embodied in the low nervousness.Comparing with general nurses’ personality characteristics,excellent nurses were highlighted in the high self-discipline.With the extension of nursing career,the personality characteristics of nursing staff can be reshaped.Conclusion Plasticity is found in the personality characteristics of nursing staff.To optimize the personality characteristics,corresponding measures should be established on the perspective of the influence of nursing career.