摘要
近年来大气气溶胶的增加对气候及环境的影响越来越受到科学界的关注,其中的气溶胶辐射效应对作物及生态系统的影响非常复杂。本文从气溶胶的辐射特性及其对气候变化的可能影响出发,来说明气溶胶造成的不同性质辐射量的重新分配对作物光合作用、产量以及生态系统的影响。详细讨论了散射辐射和直接辐射对光能利用率的不同影响,并着重说明分离阴叶和阳叶的重要性。得出大气气溶胶辐射效应主要是通过增加散射辐射,提高作物阴叶的光能利用率,从而改变作物光合作用响应的结论。并指出气溶胶浓度变化对作物产量的影响与天空状况有关。关于气溶胶辐射效应对生态系统的影响,主要从大气气溶胶浓度变化对净生态系统CO2交换以及大气气溶胶散射吸收对陆地净初级生产力的影响这两个方面进行了探讨,指出气溶胶辐射效应对生态系统的NEE和NPP的提高有正面作用。
The impact of increasing atmospheric aerosol on climate and environment caused serious concern in recent years,among which the aerosol radiation effect on crops and eco-system was more complicated.The impacts of scattered radiation and direct radiation on radiation use efficiency were discussed,according to radiation characteristics and its effect on crop photosynthesis,production and ecological systems.The results showed that atmospheric aerosol affected crop photosynthesis through increasing the scattering radiation and raising the solar energy utilization rate of shaded leaf.Moreover,the impact of atmospheric aerosol on crop yield was related to cloud conditions.In conclusion,aerosol radiation effect had positive impact on NEE and NPP enhancement.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
2010年第4期533-540,共8页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2006BAD04B09)
国家自然科学基金项目(30771248)
关键词
气溶胶
散射辐射
光能利用率
生态效应
Aerosol
Scattered radiation
Radiation use efficiency
Ecological effect
