256株非发酵菌临床分布和耐药性分析

Clinical distribution and drug resistance analysis of 256 strains of non-fermenting bacteria

目的了解医院感染常见非发酵菌的临床分布和耐药情况。方法常规方法进行细菌培养和鉴定,用kirby-Bauer法进行体外药物敏感试验。结果 256株非发酵菌中分离率居前3位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌占51.6%,不动杆菌属占18.0%,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌占10.2%,铜绿假单胞菌耐药率为6.8%~70.0%,对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星耐药率低;不动杆菌属的耐药率和铜绿假单胞相似;嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌耐药率为19.2%~84.6%,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟耐药率低,其他均存在较高耐药率。结论铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌是引起医院感染主要的非发酵菌,对多种抗菌药物存在高耐药率,应加强临床病原学检测,根据药敏结果合理用药,减少医院感染发生。

Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of non-fermenting bacteria in common nosocomial infections.Methods The conventional methods were used for bacterial culture and identification.The Kirby-Bauer method was adopted to conduct the in vitro drug sensitivity test.Results The top three of the isolation rate among 256 strains of non-fermenting bacteria were in turn Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounting for 51.6%,Acinetobacter spp accounting for 18.0% and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia accounting for 10.2%.The drug-resistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 6.8%-70%,the resistant rate to imipenem,piperacillin / tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,amikacin was low.The drug-resistant rate of Acinetobacter was similar to that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The drug-resistant rate of Stenotrophomonas aeruginosa was 19.2%-84.6%,which to piperacillin / tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime resistance rate was low.The others had the higher drug-resistant rate.Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter spp and Stenotrophomonas aeromonas are the main non-fermenting bacteria causing hospital infection,which have the high drug-resistant rate to various antibacterial.The clinical pathogen detection and monitoring of drug resistance should be strengthened.According to the drug susceptibility results,the rational drug use should be adopted for reducing hospital infection.