磁化传递成像及其在精神疾病中的研究现状

Current status of magnetization transfer imaging in psychiatric disorders

MRI能较敏感地检测多数中枢神经系统疾病病变,了解病变的部位及范围,但对一些微观病变或疾病早期病理变化,常规MRI不能提供确切的评价。磁化传递成像(magnetization transfer imaging,MTI)是一种对大分子结构微观神经病理变化比较敏感的MRI技术,通过施加偏共振饱和脉冲序列选择性地抑制大分子物质信号而增加图像对比、获得更多的组织结构信息。大量研究表明MTI能检出常规MRI检查阴性患者的脑灰、白质变化,如多发性硬化。近年来,该技术在精神疾病的研究逐渐增多,为更好地理解精神疾病的病理生理机制提供了新的补充信息,本文综述MTI在精神疾病中的应用现状及临床意义。

For many central nervous system diseases,MRI has been proved to be a sensitive tool for detecting abnormalities,understanding site and extent of lesions.Despite such a high sensitivity,conventional MRI does not provide an accurate assessment for subtle or early neuropathological changes in some disorders.Magnetization transfer imaging（MTI） is a relative new,more sensitive MRI technique to detect subtle pathological changes of macromolecular structure.MTI can selectively decrease macromolecular tissue signal through applying off-resonance saturating pulses,thus improving image contrast and acquiring more tissue structural information.Many studies have suggested that MTI can detect brain abnormalities of normal-appearing white and gray matter on conventional MRI,such as multiple sclerosis.Recently,there is growing evidence that MTI can provide new complementary information for better understanding pathophysiological mechanism of psychiatric disease.In this review,we summarized clinical application and advancement of MTI in psychiatric disorders.