近30年来中国古代自然哲学与科技哲学研究

A Review of the Study of Natural Philosophy and Philosophy of Science and Technology of Ancient China in the Recent 30 Years

20世纪80年代以来,中国古代自然哲学与科技哲学的研究已经愈来愈成为中国哲学研究的重要组成部分。其内容主要可以分为三大块,一是对中国古代自然哲学及其特点的研究,包括哲学家和著作中的自然观、哲学范畴中的自然哲学内涵、自然哲学中的生态观等方面;二是对中国古代科技史中哲学思想的研究,包括科学家、科学著作的自然哲学思想以及古代科学的研究方法等方面;三是对中国古代哲学与科技关系的研究,包括哲学与科技发展的相互作用、哲学家和哲学著作对科技的研究、儒家文化对古代科技的影响等方面。已出现了不少重要的研究成果,形成了一些重要的观点,但仍存在着诸多问题,主要有三个方面,一是偏重于个案研究,整体性研究不足;二是局限于分门别类的资料梳理,理论分析研究不足;三是简单判断有余,深入思考不足。

Since 1980s, the ancient Chinese natural philosophy and philosophy of science and technology has increasingly become an important part of philosophical research. Its content can be divided into three blocks, one of ancient Chinese philosophy of nature and characteristics of the study, including the writings of philosophers and the natural, philosophical connotation of the category of natural philosophy, natural philosophy of ecology, etc. ; Sec- ond is the Thought of Ancient Chinese Shi Zhongzhe research, including scientists, scientific works of ancient natu- ral philosophy and methods, scientific research; third is the relationship between ancient Chinese philosophy and science and technology research, including the mutual development of philosophy and science and technology role of philosophers and philosophy of science and technology research, the Confucian influence on ancient science and technology and so on. There have been many important research results, the formation of a number of important points, but there are still many problems, there are three main aspects, one emphasis on case studies, integrated research is inadequate; the second is limited to the disaggregated data in order, lack of theoretical analysis; third is more than simple judgments, to think deeply enough.