武夷山土壤动物群落结构在凋落物分解过程中的变化

Dynamic Change of Soil Fauna Community Structure in the Course of Litter Decomposition on the Wuyi Mountains

采用凋落叶分解样袋法,对北亚热带常绿阔叶林米槠凋落叶分解过程中土壤动物群落结构动态进行研究。结果表明:土壤动物类群数在分解前期较多,中、小型土壤动物个体数量在分解中期剧增,土壤动物群落多样性指数与类群数呈显著的正相关关系(r=0.74,P<0.05)。蜱螨目和弹尾目为凋落物分解过程中出现的优势类群,两者个体数量之和占总数的82.4%。优势类群蜱螨目及其中隐气亚目、中气亚目和弹尾目均与凋落物损失量呈显著正相关;常见类群中,等足目和双翅目数量与凋落物损失量正相关性不显著,其他常见类群膜翅目、蜘蛛目、同翅目、鞘翅目和鳞翅目数量与凋落物损失量呈负相关关系。

The decomposition course of Castanopsis cuspidata leaf litter in the northern subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests,and the dynamics and diversity of soil fauna community of the Wuyi Mountains were studied by litter bag method.The results showed that the number of soil animal groups was relatively larger in the early stage of decomposition,and the number of medium and small sized soil animals in the fauna increased rapidly in the mid-stage.The diversity index of soil fauna was significantly and positively correlated with the group number of soil animals（r=0.74,P0.05）.Species in orders of Acarina and Collembola were the dominant animals in the soil fauna during the process of litter decomposition,and the number of soil animal individuals from these two orders accounted for 82.4%.The individual number of species in the order Collembola,and the suborders Oribatids and Mesostigmata of order Acarina,was all significantly positively correlated with the loss of litter mass examined.There was no significant relationship between the individual number of species in the orders Isopoda and Diptera and the loss of litter mass,Whereas,the individual numbers of species in the orders Eiymenopter,Araneae,Homoptera and Coleoptera were negatively correlated with the loss of litter mass.